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Engineering Letters
Objectives and Scope Engineering Letters is published with both online and print versions. The journal covers the frontier issues in the engineering and the computer science and their applications in business, industry and other subjects. The computer science is a branch of engineering science that studies computable processes and structures. It contains theories for understanding computing systems and methods; computational algorithms and tools; methodologies for testing of concepts. The subjects covered by the journal include artificial intelligence, bioinformatics, computational statistics, database, data mining, financial engineering, hardware systems, imaging engineering, industrial engineering, internet computing, networking, operations research, scientific computing, software engineering, and their applications etc. Printed copies of the journal are distributed to accredited universities and government libraries. All the papers in the journal are also available freely with online full-text content and permanent worldwide web link. The abstracts will be indexed and available at major academic databases. ISSN: 1816-0948 (online version); 1816-093X (print version) Subject Category: Computer science and engineering Published by: International Association of Engineers
Contents: Volume 33 Issue 12 (Online version available: 1 December 2025) [Cover page] [Table of Content]
JOURNAL PAPERS: Modified BS/PP Composites Interfacial Behavior and Properties Ce Wei, Ming-Yang Ta, Ya-Jian Deng, Can Chen, and Andrii Bieliatynskyi Engineering Letters, 33:12, pp4737-4747 [Online Full Text] Ce Wei, Ming-Yang Ta, Ya-Jian Deng, Can Chen, and Andrii Bieliatynskyi, "Modified BS/PP Composites Interfacial Behavior and Properties," Engineering Letters, vol. 33, no. 12, pp4737-4747, 2025
Adaptive Velocity-Based Grouping for Enhanced IEEE 802.11ah Vehicular Communication Vinay Simha Reddy Tappeta, Bhargav Appasani, and Suprava Patnaik Engineering Letters, 33:12, pp4748-4757 [Online Full Text] Vinay Simha Reddy Tappeta, Bhargav Appasani, and Suprava Patnaik, "Adaptive Velocity-Based Grouping for Enhanced IEEE 802.11ah Vehicular Communication," Engineering Letters, vol. 33, no. 12, pp4748-4757, 2025
Exploration of Francis Runner Retrofitting Based on Local Entropy Production Analysis Yanan CAI, Zhenwei MU, Xinwei GUI, Zhijun ZHANG, and Xinyue WANG Engineering Letters, 33:12, pp4758-4766 [Online Full Text] Yanan CAI, Zhenwei MU, Xinwei GUI, Zhijun ZHANG, and Xinyue WANG, "Exploration of Francis Runner Retrofitting Based on Local Entropy Production Analysis," Engineering Letters, vol. 33, no. 12, pp4758-4766, 2025
Evaluation of Green Space Accessibility by Bus Based on the Elderly's Actual Travel Data Mingming Chen, Jilong Li, Zhen Wang, Sijia Wang, Xin Zhang, and Zishuai Zhang Engineering Letters, 33:12, pp4767-4776 [Online Full Text] Mingming Chen, Jilong Li, Zhen Wang, Sijia Wang, Xin Zhang, and Zishuai Zhang, "Evaluation of Green Space Accessibility by Bus Based on the Elderly's Actual Travel Data," Engineering Letters, vol. 33, no. 12, pp4767-4776, 2025
The Reduction-to-First-Order Method and the Solution of Linear Constant-Coefficient Ordinary Differential Equations of Any Order Daniel Salim, and Jonathan Hoseana Engineering Letters, 33:12, pp4777-4786 [Online Full Text] Daniel Salim, and Jonathan Hoseana, "The Reduction-to-First-Order Method and the Solution of Linear Constant-Coefficient Ordinary Differential Equations of Any Order," Engineering Letters, vol. 33, no. 12, pp4777-4786, 2025
Research on the Optimisation of Metro Train Timetables and Loading Plans Considering Freight Loading Methods in Trailer Mode Jianghong Feng, Cunjie Dai, Bohan Ji, Haijun Li, Runyu Wu, Tingyu Wang, and Jian Zhang Engineering Letters, 33:12, pp4787-4798 [Online Full Text] Jianghong Feng, Cunjie Dai, Bohan Ji, Haijun Li, Runyu Wu, Tingyu Wang, and Jian Zhang, "Research on the Optimisation of Metro Train Timetables and Loading Plans Considering Freight Loading Methods in Trailer Mode," Engineering Letters, vol. 33, no. 12, pp4787-4798, 2025
Invariant Aircraft Classification via Ring-Projection and Dual-tree Complex Wavelet Transform Guang Yi Chen, and Wei Sun Engineering Letters, 33:12, pp4799-4805 [Online Full Text] Guang Yi Chen, and Wei Sun, "Invariant Aircraft Classification via Ring-Projection and Dual-tree Complex Wavelet Transform," Engineering Letters, vol. 33, no. 12, pp4799-4805, 2025
Steel Surface Defect Detection Based On YOLOv12 Yuhan Lin, Yujun Zhang, Dongsen Yang, Weichun Guan, Donghao Hou, Quansheng Wang, and Wenbo Xing Engineering Letters, 33:12, pp4806-4817 [Online Full Text] Yuhan Lin, Yujun Zhang, Dongsen Yang, Weichun Guan, Donghao Hou, Quansheng Wang, and Wenbo Xing, "Steel Surface Defect Detection Based On YOLOv12," Engineering Letters, vol. 33, no. 12, pp4806-4817, 2025
A Hybrid Chaotic Arithmetic Optimization Algorithm Method for Flexible Job-Shop Scheduling Problems Hai-Ying Zhang, Cheng Yao, and Ling Li Engineering Letters, 33:12, pp4818-4830 [Online Full Text] Hai-Ying Zhang, Cheng Yao, and Ling Li, "A Hybrid Chaotic Arithmetic Optimization Algorithm Method for Flexible Job-Shop Scheduling Problems," Engineering Letters, vol. 33, no. 12, pp4818-4830, 2025
Design of High-Gain Single-Element Microstrip Antennas for Modern 5G Devices Using Hammer-Shaped Slots in a Rectangular Patch Mousaab M. Nahas, and Mouaaz Nahas Engineering Letters, 33:12, pp4831-4840 [Online Full Text] Mousaab M. Nahas, and Mouaaz Nahas, "Design of High-Gain Single-Element Microstrip Antennas for Modern 5G Devices Using Hammer-Shaped Slots in a Rectangular Patch," Engineering Letters, vol. 33, no. 12, pp4831-4840, 2025
Mechanism Analysis of Double Cracks Extension in Rocky Slope Under the Coupling Influence of Rock Bridge Inclination and Crack Length Jiamei Gao, Jianqing Jia, and Jingwen Xue Engineering Letters, 33:12, pp4841-4848 [Online Full Text] Jiamei Gao, Jianqing Jia, and Jingwen Xue, "Mechanism Analysis of Double Cracks Extension in Rocky Slope Under the Coupling Influence of Rock Bridge Inclination and Crack Length," Engineering Letters, vol. 33, no. 12, pp4841-4848, 2025
PWDR-YOLO: Road Defect Detection Based on Improved YOLO11n Haiying Qi, Jiajie Gong, and Yuqi Tang Engineering Letters, 33:12, pp4849-4858 [Online Full Text] Haiying Qi, Jiajie Gong, and Yuqi Tang, "PWDR-YOLO: Road Defect Detection Based on Improved YOLO11n," Engineering Letters, vol. 33, no. 12, pp4849-4858, 2025
Performance Enhancement of c-chart via Bayesian Method Yadpirun Supharakonsakun Engineering Letters, 33:12, pp4859-4871 [Online Full Text] Yadpirun Supharakonsakun, "Performance Enhancement of c-chart via Bayesian Method," Engineering Letters, vol. 33, no. 12, pp4859-4871, 2025
DFSNet: Dual-Focus Synergy Network with Topology Perception and Edge Enhancement for Retinal Vessel Segmentation Yunwen Chen, and Ji Zhao Engineering Letters, 33:12, pp4872-4887 [Online Full Text] Yunwen Chen, and Ji Zhao, "DFSNet: Dual-Focus Synergy Network with Topology Perception and Edge Enhancement for Retinal Vessel Segmentation," Engineering Letters, vol. 33, no. 12, pp4872-4887, 2025
Study on Passenger Flow Congestion Propagation in Urban Rail Transit Based on Heterogeneous Mean Field Theory Zhe Zhao, Changfeng Zhu, YunBin Guo, and JingHan Nie Engineering Letters, 33:12, pp4888-4898 [Online Full Text] Zhe Zhao, Changfeng Zhu, YunBin Guo, and JingHan Nie, "Study on Passenger Flow Congestion Propagation in Urban Rail Transit Based on Heterogeneous Mean Field Theory," Engineering Letters, vol. 33, no. 12, pp4888-4898, 2025
Simulation Study of Mixed Traffic Flow Considering the Autonomous Driving with Hard Shoulder Running Junwei Zeng, Pei Yang, Yongsheng Qian, and Xu Wei Engineering Letters, 33:12, pp4899-4909 [Online Full Text] Junwei Zeng, Pei Yang, Yongsheng Qian, and Xu Wei, "Simulation Study of Mixed Traffic Flow Considering the Autonomous Driving with Hard Shoulder Running," Engineering Letters, vol. 33, no. 12, pp4899-4909, 2025
Experimental Implementation of a Pre-Charge Circuit at eFuse to Control and Limit Inrush Currents of Automotive ECUs C. Naga Kota Reddy, K. Sandhya Rani, Md. Khaja Gouse Mohiddin, and Ch. Sai Babu Engineering Letters, 33:12, pp4910-4916 [Online Full Text] C. Naga Kota Reddy, K. Sandhya Rani, Md. Khaja Gouse Mohiddin, and Ch. Sai Babu, "Experimental Implementation of a Pre-Charge Circuit at eFuse to Control and Limit Inrush Currents of Automotive ECUs," Engineering Letters, vol. 33, no. 12, pp4910-4916, 2025
Eliminating the Initialization Phase in Visibility-Driven Metropolis Light Transport LiuLei Zou, ShengYao Gu, Jia Zou, JinMing Zhu, HongJin Zhu, and HongHui Fan Engineering Letters, 33:12, pp4917-4924 [Online Full Text] LiuLei Zou, ShengYao Gu, Jia Zou, JinMing Zhu, HongJin Zhu, and HongHui Fan, "Eliminating the Initialization Phase in Visibility-Driven Metropolis Light Transport," Engineering Letters, vol. 33, no. 12, pp4917-4924, 2025
MGDS-YOLO: A Multi-Scale Apple Disease Detection Algorithm in Complex Environments Yun Chen, Haibo Li, and Yupeng Chen Engineering Letters, 33:12, pp4925-4936 [Online Full Text] Yun Chen, Haibo Li, and Yupeng Chen, "MGDS-YOLO: A Multi-Scale Apple Disease Detection Algorithm in Complex Environments," Engineering Letters, vol. 33, no. 12, pp4925-4936, 2025
A Study on Lontar Printing Optimization Method for Ancient Sundanese Manuscript Preservation Setiawan Hadi, Deni Setiana, Diah Chaerani, Undang Ahmad Darsa, Anton Satria Prabuwono, and Muhammad Ribhan Hadiyan Engineering Letters, 33:12, pp4937-4949 [Online Full Text] Setiawan Hadi, Deni Setiana, Diah Chaerani, Undang Ahmad Darsa, Anton Satria Prabuwono, and Muhammad Ribhan Hadiyan, "A Study on Lontar Printing Optimization Method for Ancient Sundanese Manuscript Preservation," Engineering Letters, vol. 33, no. 12, pp4937-4949, 2025
Robust Correlation Filter-Based Tracking via Multi-Feature Fusion and Occlusion Handling Haonan Wen, Yubin Fu, Huatong Wang, Haihua Liu, Bin Lin, and Quanxi Feng Engineering Letters, 33:12, pp4950-4959 [Online Full Text] Haonan Wen, Yubin Fu, Huatong Wang, Haihua Liu, Bin Lin, and Quanxi Feng, "Robust Correlation Filter-Based Tracking via Multi-Feature Fusion and Occlusion Handling," Engineering Letters, vol. 33, no. 12, pp4950-4959, 2025
Multi-Objective Optimization Design of Automotive Power Battery Pack Considering Bottom Crashworthiness Xiaokun Wang, Di Li, Tao Wang, Yiqun Wang, Ning Jiang, Xiaozhi Feng, and Shaoxun Liu Engineering Letters, 33:12, pp4960-4971 [Online Full Text] Xiaokun Wang, Di Li, Tao Wang, Yiqun Wang, Ning Jiang, Xiaozhi Feng, and Shaoxun Liu, "Multi-Objective Optimization Design of Automotive Power Battery Pack Considering Bottom Crashworthiness," Engineering Letters, vol. 33, no. 12, pp4960-4971, 2025
Dynamic Bayesian KNN with Confidence Intervals: A Reliable Imputation Method for High-Dimensional and Sparse Data Mohsin Ali, Ritu Jain, Ritesh Joshi, and Kuber Dutt Gautam Engineering Letters, 33:12, pp4972-5002 [Online Full Text] Mohsin Ali, Ritu Jain, Ritesh Joshi, and Kuber Dutt Gautam, "Dynamic Bayesian KNN with Confidence Intervals: A Reliable Imputation Method for High-Dimensional and Sparse Data," Engineering Letters, vol. 33, no. 12, pp4972-5002, 2025
DKNET: A Hybrid Model with Enhanced Attention and Multi-level Fusion for Accurate Early Polyp Segmentation Dehong Kong, Jie Liu, Xiang Zhou, Wenyu Zhang, Yixiao Sun, Jieyi Xu, and Qinghong Zeng Engineering Letters, 33:12, pp5003-5014 [Online Full Text] Dehong Kong, Jie Liu, Xiang Zhou, Wenyu Zhang, Yixiao Sun, Jieyi Xu, and Qinghong Zeng, "DKNET: A Hybrid Model with Enhanced Attention and Multi-level Fusion for Accurate Early Polyp Segmentation," Engineering Letters, vol. 33, no. 12, pp5003-5014, 2025
MENet: A Multi-scale and Boundary Feature-Enhanced Network for Colorectal Polyp Segmentation Dehong Kong, Jie Liu, Xiang Zhou, Wenyu Zhang, Yixiao Sun, Jieyi Xu, and Qinghong Zeng Engineering Letters, 33:12, pp5015-5025 [Online Full Text] Dehong Kong, Jie Liu, Xiang Zhou, Wenyu Zhang, Yixiao Sun, Jieyi Xu, and Qinghong Zeng, "MENet: A Multi-scale and Boundary Feature-Enhanced Network for Colorectal Polyp Segmentation," Engineering Letters, vol. 33, no. 12, pp5015-5025, 2025
MG-Mask: A Multi-Target and Small-Scale Face Detection Model Using Multi-Scale Feature Fusion and Generalized Intersection over Union Jujian Lv, Zhijie Xie, Haoyuan Chen, Kaihan Lin, Xianxian Zeng, Leijun Wang, Rongjun Chen, and Jiawen Li Engineering Letters, 33:12, pp5026-5033 [Online Full Text] Jujian Lv, Zhijie Xie, Haoyuan Chen, Kaihan Lin, Xianxian Zeng, Leijun Wang, Rongjun Chen, and Jiawen Li, "MG-Mask: A Multi-Target and Small-Scale Face Detection Model Using Multi-Scale Feature Fusion and Generalized Intersection over Union," Engineering Letters, vol. 33, no. 12, pp5026-5033, 2025
Lag Synchronization in Full Networks of n Linearly Coupled Dynamical Systems of the Hindmarsh-Rose 2D Type Phan Van Long Em Engineering Letters, 33:12, pp5034-5046 [Online Full Text] Phan Van Long Em, "Lag Synchronization in Full Networks of n Linearly Coupled Dynamical Systems of the Hindmarsh-Rose 2D Type," Engineering Letters, vol. 33, no. 12, pp5034-5046, 2025
TGPoseNet: A Camera Pose Regression Network with Temporal Fusion and Graph-Guided Feature Aggregation Junwen Si, and Ziwei Zhou Engineering Letters, 33:12, pp5047-5057 [Online Full Text] Junwen Si, and Ziwei Zhou, "TGPoseNet: A Camera Pose Regression Network with Temporal Fusion and Graph-Guided Feature Aggregation," Engineering Letters, vol. 33, no. 12, pp5047-5057, 2025
Transmission Line Defect Detection Algorithm and Research Based on Deep Learning Qian Yu, Wenhua Cui, and Ye Tao Engineering Letters, 33:12, pp5058-5069 [Online Full Text] Qian Yu, Wenhua Cui, and Ye Tao, "Transmission Line Defect Detection Algorithm and Research Based on Deep Learning," Engineering Letters, vol. 33, no. 12, pp5058-5069, 2025
Enhanced Mechanical Performance via Holding Time Optimisation in Stir Squeeze Cast Al6063/PKSA SiC Hybrid Composites Nurhabibah P.E. Utami, Diah K. Pratiwi, and Amir Arifin Engineering Letters, 33:12, pp5070-5080 [Online Full Text] Nurhabibah P.E. Utami, Diah K. Pratiwi, and Amir Arifin, "Enhanced Mechanical Performance via Holding Time Optimisation in Stir Squeeze Cast Al6063/PKSA SiC Hybrid Composites," Engineering Letters, vol. 33, no. 12, pp5070-5080, 2025
A Remote Sensing Object Detection Model Integrating Dynamic Perception and Structure-Adaptive Mechanisms Yuping Hao, Tao Wen, Zhongping Ji, and Genchun He Engineering Letters, 33:12, pp5081-5088 [Online Full Text] Yuping Hao, Tao Wen, Zhongping Ji, and Genchun He, "A Remote Sensing Object Detection Model Integrating Dynamic Perception and Structure-Adaptive Mechanisms," Engineering Letters, vol. 33, no. 12, pp5081-5088, 2025
An Interval-Based Payoff Game Model for Autonomous Driving Lane-Changing Decisions Mingming Chen, Sijia Wang, Jilong Li, Zhen Wang, Shunli Liang, and Zishuai Zhang Engineering Letters, 33:12, pp5089-5100 [Online Full Text] Mingming Chen, Sijia Wang, Jilong Li, Zhen Wang, Shunli Liang, and Zishuai Zhang, "An Interval-Based Payoff Game Model for Autonomous Driving Lane-Changing Decisions," Engineering Letters, vol. 33, no. 12, pp5089-5100, 2025
Intelligent Parkinson's Disease Detection from Deep MRI Features Using Transfer Learning with PCA and Metaheuristic-Based Feature Selection Sai Kumar Pradhan, and Panduranga Vital Terlapu Engineering Letters, 33:12, pp5101-5117 [Online Full Text] Sai Kumar Pradhan, and Panduranga Vital Terlapu, "Intelligent Parkinson's Disease Detection from Deep MRI Features Using Transfer Learning with PCA and Metaheuristic-Based Feature Selection," Engineering Letters, vol. 33, no. 12, pp5101-5117, 2025
Dynamical Modeling and Ecological Stability Regulation Mechanisms of a Non-Selective Harvesting Amensalism System under Wind Speed Disturbance Qin Yue, and Xiujian Wang Engineering Letters, 33:12, pp5118-5130 [Online Full Text] Qin Yue, and Xiujian Wang, "Dynamical Modeling and Ecological Stability Regulation Mechanisms of a Non-Selective Harvesting Amensalism System under Wind Speed Disturbance," Engineering Letters, vol. 33, no. 12, pp5118-5130, 2025
Freemium vs. Charge: Pricing Digital Products with Market Structure and Consumers' Abilities to Perceive Products' Value Wei Li, Yan-peng He, and Shu-gang Ma Engineering Letters, 33:12, pp5131-5140 [Online Full Text] Wei Li, Yan-peng He, and Shu-gang Ma, "Freemium vs. Charge: Pricing Digital Products with Market Structure and Consumers' Abilities to Perceive Products' Value," Engineering Letters, vol. 33, no. 12, pp5131-5140, 2025
Mechanical Engineering Undergraduate Education, UK vs USA, a Comparative Study Morteza Mohammadzaheri, Mojtaba Ghodsi, and Payam Soltani Engineering Letters, 33:12, pp5141-5148 [Online Full Text] Morteza Mohammadzaheri, Mojtaba Ghodsi, and Payam Soltani, "Mechanical Engineering Undergraduate Education, UK vs USA, a Comparative Study," Engineering Letters, vol. 33, no. 12, pp5141-5148, 2025
From kHz to THz: Exposing Limitations of Rao-Wilton-Glisson Basis Functions in Method-of-Moments Simulations of Practical Monopole Antennas Jinfeng Li, and Haolin Zhou Engineering Letters, 33:12, pp5149-5157 [Online Full Text] Jinfeng Li, and Haolin Zhou, "From kHz to THz: Exposing Limitations of Rao-Wilton-Glisson Basis Functions in Method-of-Moments Simulations of Practical Monopole Antennas," Engineering Letters, vol. 33, no. 12, pp5149-5157, 2025
A Cellular-based Moss Growth Optimization with Levy Update Strategy and Moss Death Mechanisms Changlong Pang, Yukun Wang, and Qingyao Meng Engineering Letters, 33:12, pp5158-5177 [Online Full Text] Changlong Pang, Yukun Wang, and Qingyao Meng, "A Cellular-based Moss Growth Optimization with Levy Update Strategy and Moss Death Mechanisms," Engineering Letters, vol. 33, no. 12, pp5158-5177, 2025
Comparative Study of Optimization Methods for LOVO Problems using Non-parametric Tests Araceli Ciotti Marins, Emerson Vitor Castelani, Andre Luis Machado Martinez, and Cristiane Aparecida Pendeza Martinez Engineering Letters, 33:12, pp5178-5186 [Online Full Text] Araceli Ciotti Marins, Emerson Vitor Castelani, Andre Luis Machado Martinez, and Cristiane Aparecida Pendeza Martinez, "Comparative Study of Optimization Methods for LOVO Problems using Non-parametric Tests," Engineering Letters, vol. 33, no. 12, pp5178-5186, 2025
Application of Improved Artificial Bee Colony Algorithm Based on Social Force Model in Crowd Evacuation Qiqi Zhu, Meijuan Li, and Xuebo Chen Engineering Letters, 33:12, pp5187-5201 [Online Full Text] Qiqi Zhu, Meijuan Li, and Xuebo Chen, "Application of Improved Artificial Bee Colony Algorithm Based on Social Force Model in Crowd Evacuation," Engineering Letters, vol. 33, no. 12, pp5187-5201, 2025
Optimization of the Coordinated Transportation Scheme for Passenger and Freight in Rail Transit Considering Flexible Grouping and Time Windows Guanghui Yan, and Zunzun Hou Engineering Letters, 33:12, pp5202-5217 [Online Full Text] Guanghui Yan, and Zunzun Hou, "Optimization of the Coordinated Transportation Scheme for Passenger and Freight in Rail Transit Considering Flexible Grouping and Time Windows," Engineering Letters, vol. 33, no. 12, pp5202-5217, 2025
Crude Palm Oil as a Sustainable Passive Coolant for Enhanced Solar Panel Efficiency in Tropical Climates Irwin Bizzy, Agung Mataram, Astuti, Handoko Salim, Permata Subing, Wijaya K. Adha, and Dendy Adanta Engineering Letters, 33:12, pp5218-5227 [Online Full Text] Irwin Bizzy, Agung Mataram, Astuti, Handoko Salim, Permata Subing, Wijaya K. Adha, and Dendy Adanta, "Crude Palm Oil as a Sustainable Passive Coolant for Enhanced Solar Panel Efficiency in Tropical Climates," Engineering Letters, vol. 33, no. 12, pp5218-5227, 2025
Design of Power Minimization for IRS-assisted NOMA Multi-user Uplink System Xinying Li, Ailing Bai, and Haixia Wei Engineering Letters, 33:12, pp5228-5238 [Online Full Text] Xinying Li, Ailing Bai, and Haixia Wei, "Design of Power Minimization for IRS-assisted NOMA Multi-user Uplink System," Engineering Letters, vol. 33, no. 12, pp5228-5238, 2025
Multi-Query Image Retrieval Based on Self-Attention Mechanism and Triplet Loss Optimization Network Yongqing Wu, and Xiaoyi Wang Engineering Letters, 33:12, pp5239-5249 [Online Full Text] Yongqing Wu, and Xiaoyi Wang, "Multi-Query Image Retrieval Based on Self-Attention Mechanism and Triplet Loss Optimization Network," Engineering Letters, vol. 33, no. 12, pp5239-5249, 2025
A Study of the Impact of the Extent of Stagnant Water on the Spread of Dengue Fever in Urban Areas Gerard Kanga, Jacques Tano, Mohamed Coulibaly, Eric N'zi, and N'da N'guessan Anastase Mian Engineering Letters, 33:12, pp5250-5260 [Online Full Text] Gerard Kanga, Jacques Tano, Mohamed Coulibaly, Eric N'zi, and N'da N'guessan Anastase Mian, "A Study of the Impact of the Extent of Stagnant Water on the Spread of Dengue Fever in Urban Areas," Engineering Letters, vol. 33, no. 12, pp5250-5260, 2025
A Lightweight YOLO Model for Surface Defect Detection on Steel Plates Dixiao Shi, Zhigang Li, and Qi Liu Engineering Letters, 33:12, pp5261-5272 [Online Full Text] Dixiao Shi, Zhigang Li, and Qi Liu, "A Lightweight YOLO Model for Surface Defect Detection on Steel Plates," Engineering Letters, vol. 33, no. 12, pp5261-5272, 2025
Effect of Gas Diffusion Layer Thickness and Porosity on the Cold Start Performance of PEMFC Zhuang Li, Zhanpo Xue, Xiaopeng Li, Binbin Sun, and Zhenwei Wang Engineering Letters, 33:12, pp5273-5282 [Online Full Text] Zhuang Li, Zhanpo Xue, Xiaopeng Li, Binbin Sun, and Zhenwei Wang, "Effect of Gas Diffusion Layer Thickness and Porosity on the Cold Start Performance of PEMFC," Engineering Letters, vol. 33, no. 12, pp5273-5282, 2025
A Multi-Modal Ensemble of ResNet50, DenseNet121, and EfficientNetV2 for Brain and Breast Tumor Classification Sheik Imran, Pradeep N, and Ajay Chandranath Engineering Letters, 33:12, pp5283-5297 [Online Full Text] Sheik Imran, Pradeep N, and Ajay Chandranath, "A Multi-Modal Ensemble of ResNet50, DenseNet121, and EfficientNetV2 for Brain and Breast Tumor Classification," Engineering Letters, vol. 33, no. 12, pp5283-5297, 2025
EAD-PFNet: A Multimodal Fusion-Based Multi-Scale Road Traffic Detection Algorithm Jianhan Zhou, Ye Tao, Xuanning Wei, and Jingshi Zhang Engineering Letters, 33:12, pp5298-5307 [Online Full Text] Jianhan Zhou, Ye Tao, Xuanning Wei, and Jingshi Zhang, "EAD-PFNet: A Multimodal Fusion-Based Multi-Scale Road Traffic Detection Algorithm," Engineering Letters, vol. 33, no. 12, pp5298-5307, 2025
Robust Control using Sliding Mode Controller for SEPIC DC/DC Converter Tri Nurwati, Rini Nur Hasanah, Waru Djuriatno, and Lunde Ardhenta Engineering Letters, 33:12, pp5308-5314 [Online Full Text] Tri Nurwati, Rini Nur Hasanah, Waru Djuriatno, and Lunde Ardhenta, "Robust Control using Sliding Mode Controller for SEPIC DC/DC Converter," Engineering Letters, vol. 33, no. 12, pp5308-5314, 2025
Optimization of Monorail Crane Driver's Cab Human-Machine Layout Based on Biomechanical Models and Electromyography Experiment Study Yunsheng Xin, Xinyu Yan, Mengtao Li, and Hongyi Jin Engineering Letters, 33:12, pp5315-5325 [Online Full Text] Yunsheng Xin, Xinyu Yan, Mengtao Li, and Hongyi Jin, "Optimization of Monorail Crane Driver's Cab Human-Machine Layout Based on Biomechanical Models and Electromyography Experiment Study," Engineering Letters, vol. 33, no. 12, pp5315-5325, 2025
Coming Special Issues of Engineering Letters Engineering Letters welcomes author submission of papers concerning any branch of the engineering and the computer science and their applications in business, industry and other subjects. The subjects covered by the journal include artificial intelligence, bioinformatics, computational statistics, database, data mining, financial engineering, hardware systems, imaging engineering, industrial engineering, internet computing, networking, operations research, scientific computing, software engineering, and their applications. With the efforts of the Editorial Board Members of Engineering Letters, the new online version and print version of the journal Engineering Letters has become available to the general public, instead of its old restricted versions. All submitted papers are to be peer-reviewed for ensuring their qualities.
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