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Engineering Letters
Objectives and Scope Engineering Letters is published with both online and print versions. The journal covers the frontier issues in the engineering and the computer science and their applications in business, industry and other subjects. The computer science is a branch of engineering science that studies computable processes and structures. It contains theories for understanding computing systems and methods; computational algorithms and tools; methodologies for testing of concepts. The subjects covered by the journal include artificial intelligence, bioinformatics, computational statistics, database, data mining, financial engineering, hardware systems, imaging engineering, industrial engineering, internet computing, networking, operations research, scientific computing, software engineering, and their applications etc. Printed copies of the journal are distributed to accredited universities and government libraries. All the papers in the journal are also available freely with online full-text content and permanent worldwide web link. The abstracts will be indexed and available at major academic databases. ISSN: 1816-0948 (online version); 1816-093X (print version) Subject Category: Computer science and engineering Published by: International Association of Engineers
Contents: Volume 34 Issue 6 (Online version available: 1 June 2026) [Cover page] [Table of Content]
JOURNAL PAPERS: Collaborative Optimal Operation of Multi-Microgrids Considering Shared Energy Storage and Demand Response Yikang Tan, Guo Zhao, Haoqian Guo, and Zhize Pan Engineering Letters, 34:6, pp2096-2110 [Online Full Text] Yikang Tan, Guo Zhao, Haoqian Guo, and Zhize Pan, "Collaborative Optimal Operation of Multi-Microgrids Considering Shared Energy Storage and Demand Response," Engineering Letters, vol. 34, no. 6, pp2096-2110, 2026
Pattern Difference-Guided of Metro Origin And Destination Traffic Prediction Models Hong Dai, and Lin Bai Engineering Letters, 34:6, pp2111-2120 [Online Full Text] Hong Dai, and Lin Bai, "Pattern Difference-Guided of Metro Origin And Destination Traffic Prediction Models," Engineering Letters, vol. 34, no. 6, pp2111-2120, 2026
Numerical Investigation of Heat Flux Enhancement in Paraffin Based Shape Optimized Quaternary Hybrid Nanofluid Embedded Axially Aligned Dynamic Porous Heat Sink Ammembal Gopalkrishna Pai, Rekha G. Pai, and Laxmanan V Engineering Letters, 34:6, pp2121-2145 [Online Full Text] Ammembal Gopalkrishna Pai, Rekha G. Pai, and Laxmanan V, "Numerical Investigation of Heat Flux Enhancement in Paraffin Based Shape Optimized Quaternary Hybrid Nanofluid Embedded Axially Aligned Dynamic Porous Heat Sink," Engineering Letters, vol. 34, no. 6, pp2121-2145, 2026
Optimization of Separation Force in LCD-Based Vat Photopolymerization 3D Printing Driven by Orthogonal Experimental Design and Parameter Interactions Xian Yu, Xiaoping You, Tingting Shen, Qiyuan Dong, Yi-horng Lai, and Wei Zhang Engineering Letters, 34:6, pp2146-2154 [Online Full Text] Xian Yu, Xiaoping You, Tingting Shen, Qiyuan Dong, Yi-horng Lai, and Wei Zhang, "Optimization of Separation Force in LCD-Based Vat Photopolymerization 3D Printing Driven by Orthogonal Experimental Design and Parameter Interactions," Engineering Letters, vol. 34, no. 6, pp2146-2154, 2026
Hyperchaotic Systems and DNA Coding-Based Color Image Encryption Algorithm with Compressive Sensing Jiaxin Wang, Zhao Zhang, Hongyan Zhou, and Xue-Bo Chen Engineering Letters, 34:6, pp2155-2167 [Online Full Text] Jiaxin Wang, Zhao Zhang, Hongyan Zhou, and Xue-Bo Chen, "Hyperchaotic Systems and DNA Coding-Based Color Image Encryption Algorithm with Compressive Sensing," Engineering Letters, vol. 34, no. 6, pp2155-2167, 2026
Distributed Flexible Job Shop Scheduling Problem Based on Improved DDQN Algorithm for Dynamic Arrival of Jobs Lin-jun Yang, Guan-jie Jiang, and Ya-ping Fu Engineering Letters, 34:6, pp2168-2182 [Online Full Text] Lin-jun Yang, Guan-jie Jiang, and Ya-ping Fu, "Distributed Flexible Job Shop Scheduling Problem Based on Improved DDQN Algorithm for Dynamic Arrival of Jobs," Engineering Letters, vol. 34, no. 6, pp2168-2182, 2026
Effect of Waste Glass Powders Content on Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GBFS) Modified Rubberized Concrete Exposed to Sulphuric Acid Attack Akram M. Mhaya, Shahiron Shahidan, Seyed J. S. Hakim, Mohd Haziman Wan Ibrahim, Ghasan Fahim Huseien, and Husam A. Salah Engineering Letters, 34:6, pp2183-2195 [Online Full Text] Akram M. Mhaya, Shahiron Shahidan, Seyed J. S. Hakim, Mohd Haziman Wan Ibrahim, Ghasan Fahim Huseien, and Husam A. Salah, "Effect of Waste Glass Powders Content on Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GBFS) Modified Rubberized Concrete Exposed to Sulphuric Acid Attack," Engineering Letters, vol. 34, no. 6, pp2183-2195, 2026
ASCC-Net: A Spatial-Channel Reconstructed Optimization Model for Maize Disease Detection Jiuzhou Meng, Yalin Li, Jian Zhang, and Weikuan Jia Engineering Letters, 34:6, pp2196-2209 [Online Full Text] Jiuzhou Meng, Yalin Li, Jian Zhang, and Weikuan Jia, "ASCC-Net: A Spatial-Channel Reconstructed Optimization Model for Maize Disease Detection," Engineering Letters, vol. 34, no. 6, pp2196-2209, 2026
Multi-Objective Project Partner Selection Based on an improved NSGA-II enhanced with Q-learning Xin-Tong Liu, and Guan-Jie Jiang Engineering Letters, 34:6, pp2210-2224 [Online Full Text] Xin-Tong Liu, and Guan-Jie Jiang, "Multi-Objective Project Partner Selection Based on an improved NSGA-II enhanced with Q-learning," Engineering Letters, vol. 34, no. 6, pp2210-2224, 2026
MFSF-YOLO: An Improved YOLO11 Model for Traffic Sign Detection and Recognition Simin Ma, Nannan Zhao, Jiangwei Li, and Xinyu Ouyang Engineering Letters, 34:6, pp2225-2235 [Online Full Text] Simin Ma, Nannan Zhao, Jiangwei Li, and Xinyu Ouyang, "MFSF-YOLO: An Improved YOLO11 Model for Traffic Sign Detection and Recognition," Engineering Letters, vol. 34, no. 6, pp2225-2235, 2026
Construction of a Determinantal Formula and Some Characterizations of Minkowski Inverse Neelaganga U Mudigoudar, K Arathi Bhat, Shahistha Hanif, and Divya Shenoy Purushothama Engineering Letters, 34:6, pp2236-2241 [Online Full Text] Neelaganga U Mudigoudar, K Arathi Bhat, Shahistha Hanif, and Divya Shenoy Purushothama, "Construction of a Determinantal Formula and Some Characterizations of Minkowski Inverse," Engineering Letters, vol. 34, no. 6, pp2236-2241, 2026
PHYLA-Det11: A YOLOv11-Based Microscopic Microalgae Detection Model with Local-Global Attention Fusion and Content-Aware Reconstruction Jiale Yang, Wenhua Cui, and Ye Tao Engineering Letters, 34:6, pp2242-2252 [Online Full Text] Jiale Yang, Wenhua Cui, and Ye Tao, "PHYLA-Det11: A YOLOv11-Based Microscopic Microalgae Detection Model with Local-Global Attention Fusion and Content-Aware Reconstruction," Engineering Letters, vol. 34, no. 6, pp2242-2252, 2026
ASTAR-Former: A Speech Depression Detection Framework with Temporal-Aware Encoding and Segment-wise Multi-Instance Aggregation Xiaomeng Liu, Jie Liu, Xiang Zhou, Wenyu Zhang, Hong Yan, Yixiao Sun, Yan Liu, and Xu Guo Engineering Letters, 34:6, pp2253-2262 [Online Full Text] Xiaomeng Liu, Jie Liu, Xiang Zhou, Wenyu Zhang, Hong Yan, Yixiao Sun, Yan Liu, and Xu Guo, "ASTAR-Former: A Speech Depression Detection Framework with Temporal-Aware Encoding and Segment-wise Multi-Instance Aggregation," Engineering Letters, vol. 34, no. 6, pp2253-2262, 2026
A Parametric Study for Analyzing the Shear Lag Effect of Groove Beam with Different Tensile and Compressive Modulus Based on Transfer Matrix Bin Li, Xuebin Xing, Yongqing Zeng, Xinheng Zhou, Hua Lou, and Qingcong She Engineering Letters, 34:6, pp2263-2273 [Online Full Text] Bin Li, Xuebin Xing, Yongqing Zeng, Xinheng Zhou, Hua Lou, and Qingcong She, "A Parametric Study for Analyzing the Shear Lag Effect of Groove Beam with Different Tensile and Compressive Modulus Based on Transfer Matrix," Engineering Letters, vol. 34, no. 6, pp2263-2273, 2026
Cluster Analysis of Time Series Data Using the K-Means Method with Dynamic Time Warping Vito Christian Setiawan Saputro, Robby, and Agus Sukmana Engineering Letters, 34:6, pp2274-2284 [Online Full Text] Vito Christian Setiawan Saputro, Robby, and Agus Sukmana, "Cluster Analysis of Time Series Data Using the K-Means Method with Dynamic Time Warping," Engineering Letters, vol. 34, no. 6, pp2274-2284, 2026
Memory-Augmented Hierarchical Perception for Domain-Generalized Medical Image Segmentation Yingna Mi, Meihui Shi, Ruiling Yang, and Nan Zhao Engineering Letters, 34:6, pp2285-2295 [Online Full Text] Yingna Mi, Meihui Shi, Ruiling Yang, and Nan Zhao, "Memory-Augmented Hierarchical Perception for Domain-Generalized Medical Image Segmentation," Engineering Letters, vol. 34, no. 6, pp2285-2295, 2026
An Object Detection Algorithm for Complex Traffic Scenarios Based on Multi-Scale Feature Fusion Weiguo Yi, and Shuangqi Ren Engineering Letters, 34:6, pp2296-2306 [Online Full Text] Weiguo Yi, and Shuangqi Ren, "An Object Detection Algorithm for Complex Traffic Scenarios Based on Multi-Scale Feature Fusion," Engineering Letters, vol. 34, no. 6, pp2296-2306, 2026
Comparative Study on Stability of Prestressed Cable Systems in Open Cable-Supported Latticed Shell Structures QU Qianqian, and HOU Xingmin Engineering Letters, 34:6, pp2307-2316 [Online Full Text] QU Qianqian, and HOU Xingmin, "Comparative Study on Stability of Prestressed Cable Systems in Open Cable-Supported Latticed Shell Structures," Engineering Letters, vol. 34, no. 6, pp2307-2316, 2026
Edge-betweenness Centrality of Some Classes of Graphs K Arathi Bhat Engineering Letters, 34:6, pp2317-2323 [Online Full Text] K Arathi Bhat, "Edge-betweenness Centrality of Some Classes of Graphs," Engineering Letters, vol. 34, no. 6, pp2317-2323, 2026
A Lightweight Small Object Detection Algorithm for Drones Weiguo Yi, and Guoqing Liu Engineering Letters, 34:6, pp2324-2335 [Online Full Text] Weiguo Yi, and Guoqing Liu, "A Lightweight Small Object Detection Algorithm for Drones," Engineering Letters, vol. 34, no. 6, pp2324-2335, 2026
EFFE-YOLO: An Improved Algorithm for Small-Target Traffic Sign Detection Guangyao Lu, and Weisheng Liu Engineering Letters, 34:6, pp2336-2349 [Online Full Text] Guangyao Lu, and Weisheng Liu, "EFFE-YOLO: An Improved Algorithm for Small-Target Traffic Sign Detection," Engineering Letters, vol. 34, no. 6, pp2336-2349, 2026
Behavior Detection of Coal Mine Workers in Underground Environments Using SDI-YOLOv11 Jianing Sun, and Yujun Zhang Engineering Letters, 34:6, pp2350-2357 [Online Full Text] Jianing Sun, and Yujun Zhang, "Behavior Detection of Coal Mine Workers in Underground Environments Using SDI-YOLOv11," Engineering Letters, vol. 34, no. 6, pp2350-2357, 2026
Generalized Synchronization in the Networks with Arbitrary Structures of n Coupled Dynamical Systems of the FitzHugh-Nagumo Type Phan Van Long Em Engineering Letters, 34:6, pp2358-2366 [Online Full Text] Phan Van Long Em, "Generalized Synchronization in the Networks with Arbitrary Structures of n Coupled Dynamical Systems of the FitzHugh-Nagumo Type," Engineering Letters, vol. 34, no. 6, pp2358-2366, 2026
Research on Large Coal Lump Target Detection Algorithms for Complex Mine Environments Dongxiang Gao, Wenhua Cui, Donghao Hou, and Ye Tao Engineering Letters, 34:6, pp2367-2373 [Online Full Text] Dongxiang Gao, Wenhua Cui, Donghao Hou, and Ye Tao, "Research on Large Coal Lump Target Detection Algorithms for Complex Mine Environments," Engineering Letters, vol. 34, no. 6, pp2367-2373, 2026
Dynamic Obstacle Avoidance for Multi-Robot HPB-CBS under Heterogeneous Motion Constraints Changqing Gao, Qiu Fang, Kui Zeng, Haipeng Lei, Zhihao Jia, and Xiaorui Liu Engineering Letters, 34:6, pp2374-2384 [Online Full Text] Changqing Gao, Qiu Fang, Kui Zeng, Haipeng Lei, Zhihao Jia, and Xiaorui Liu, "Dynamic Obstacle Avoidance for Multi-Robot HPB-CBS under Heterogeneous Motion Constraints," Engineering Letters, vol. 34, no. 6, pp2374-2384, 2026
DAST-Seg: Attention-Guided Scene Text Segmentation via Self-Supervised DINO and Transformer Fusion XiaoMan Bai, and Ji Zhao Engineering Letters, 34:6, pp2385-2395 [Online Full Text] XiaoMan Bai, and Ji Zhao, "DAST-Seg: Attention-Guided Scene Text Segmentation via Self-Supervised DINO and Transformer Fusion," Engineering Letters, vol. 34, no. 6, pp2385-2395, 2026
On the Chromatic Number and Connectivity of Delta-Color Complement of Graphs Sahana S R, Sabitha D'Souza, and Swati Nayak Engineering Letters, 34:6, pp2396-2400 [Online Full Text] Sahana S R, Sabitha D'Souza, and Swati Nayak, "On the Chromatic Number and Connectivity of Delta-Color Complement of Graphs," Engineering Letters, vol. 34, no. 6, pp2396-2400, 2026
UniTF-ADA: A Unified Time-Frequency Framework with Adaptive Loss and Data Augmentations for Robust Driver Fatigue Recognition Yan Liu, Jie Liu, Hong Yan, Wenyu Zhang, Xiaomeng Liu, and Xu Guo Engineering Letters, 34:6, pp2401-2410 [Online Full Text] Yan Liu, Jie Liu, Hong Yan, Wenyu Zhang, Xiaomeng Liu, and Xu Guo, "UniTF-ADA: A Unified Time-Frequency Framework with Adaptive Loss and Data Augmentations for Robust Driver Fatigue Recognition," Engineering Letters, vol. 34, no. 6, pp2401-2410, 2026
Simulation of Vulnerability in the China-Europe Railway Express Asymmetric Interdependent Network Based on Improved Percolation Theory Mingjun Qian, Zhaojie Zhang, Tingting Zhao, and Chao Yin Engineering Letters, 34:6, pp2411-2425 [Online Full Text] Mingjun Qian, Zhaojie Zhang, Tingting Zhao, and Chao Yin, "Simulation of Vulnerability in the China-Europe Railway Express Asymmetric Interdependent Network Based on Improved Percolation Theory," Engineering Letters, vol. 34, no. 6, pp2411-2425, 2026
Enhanced Color Image Encryption Using Hybrid Chaotic Systems, Dynamic S-Box, and Compressed Sensing Zhi Yang, Zhao Zhang, Hongyan Zhou, and Xue-Bo Chen Engineering Letters, 34:6, pp2426-2436 [Online Full Text] Zhi Yang, Zhao Zhang, Hongyan Zhou, and Xue-Bo Chen, "Enhanced Color Image Encryption Using Hybrid Chaotic Systems, Dynamic S-Box, and Compressed Sensing," Engineering Letters, vol. 34, no. 6, pp2426-2436, 2026
Analog/RF Performance Evaluation of Junctionless SOI FinFETs with Single, Double, and Triple Material Gates A. Shirly Edward, R. Linie Sharon, P. Nagarajan, Rajesh Dey, and Sai Kiran Oruganti Engineering Letters, 34:6, pp2437-2446 [Online Full Text] A. Shirly Edward, R. Linie Sharon, P. Nagarajan, Rajesh Dey, and Sai Kiran Oruganti, "Analog/RF Performance Evaluation of Junctionless SOI FinFETs with Single, Double, and Triple Material Gates," Engineering Letters, vol. 34, no. 6, pp2437-2446, 2026
Enhanced Artemisinin Optimization Algorithm for Engineering Design Problems Zhaoqiang Wang, Hao Liu, and Liangping Tu Engineering Letters, 34:6, pp2447-2470 [Online Full Text] Zhaoqiang Wang, Hao Liu, and Liangping Tu, "Enhanced Artemisinin Optimization Algorithm for Engineering Design Problems," Engineering Letters, vol. 34, no. 6, pp2447-2470, 2026
Generation of Inverted Dual-Period Waves in Non-Uniform Media with Gaussian Potential Using Pearcey-Gaussian Beams Chunhui Gao, Qunhui Zhang, Yangbao Deng, Lixiong Li, and Saiwen Zhang Engineering Letters, 34:6, pp2471-2478 [Online Full Text] Chunhui Gao, Qunhui Zhang, Yangbao Deng, Lixiong Li, and Saiwen Zhang, "Generation of Inverted Dual-Period Waves in Non-Uniform Media with Gaussian Potential Using Pearcey-Gaussian Beams," Engineering Letters, vol. 34, no. 6, pp2471-2478, 2026
Simulation Analysis of Asymmetric High-Voltage Pulse Track Circuits Based on a Wideband Model Bin Zhao, Zhen Zhang, Chengcai Fu, and Kun Jin Engineering Letters, 34:6, pp2479-2487 [Online Full Text] Bin Zhao, Zhen Zhang, Chengcai Fu, and Kun Jin, "Simulation Analysis of Asymmetric High-Voltage Pulse Track Circuits Based on a Wideband Model," Engineering Letters, vol. 34, no. 6, pp2479-2487, 2026
Coming Special Issues of Engineering Letters Engineering Letters welcomes author submission of papers concerning any branch of the engineering and the computer science and their applications in business, industry and other subjects. The subjects covered by the journal include artificial intelligence, bioinformatics, computational statistics, database, data mining, financial engineering, hardware systems, imaging engineering, industrial engineering, internet computing, networking, operations research, scientific computing, software engineering, and their applications. With the efforts of the Editorial Board Members of Engineering Letters, the new online version and print version of the journal Engineering Letters has become available to the general public, instead of its old restricted versions. All submitted papers are to be peer-reviewed for ensuring their qualities.
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